Independent scientist
FINANCIALLY INDEPENDENT SCIENTIST WHO PURSUES SCIENTIFIC STUDY WITHOUT DIRECT AFFILIATION TO A PUBLIC INSTITUTION
Gentlemen scientists; Gentlemen scientist; Gentleman scientist
An independent scientist (historically also known as gentleman scientist) is a financially independent scientist who pursues scientific study without direct affiliation to a public institution such as a university or government-run research and development body. The expression "gentleman scientist" arose in post-Renaissance Europe,J.